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Tariff Shockwaves: Inflation Outlook, US CPI Forecasts & Market Strategy Adjustments

  • Risky assets, ranging from inflation forwards to equities, corrected yesterday, following stronger-than-expected reciprocal tariffs. 
  • A lot depends on whether these tariffs will be fully implemented; the market was pricing Dec-25 US CPI around 3.65-3.90% yesterday. 
Tariff Shockwaves: Inflation Outlook, US CPI Forecasts & Market Strategy Adjustments
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  • Strategy-wise, our Selling 5YF5Y HICPx vs US CPI trade suffered yesterday, from the US leg, while our Selling 5YF5Y FRCPIx trade grabbed a few more bp. 

Risky assets, ranging from inflation forwards to equities, corrected yesterday, following the stronger-than-expected reciprocal tariffs. Regarding the US CPI profile, a lot will depend on whether these very aggressive tariffs are actually implemented, or if they are more of a cap, opening the door to negotiations. 

Assuming the reciprocal tariffs are all applied with strong pass-through, we would expect US headline around 4.1-4.2% at year-end, vs our most recent forecast of around 3.3% in Tuesday’s Inflation Weekly. If there is around 50% implementation of the newly announced tariffs, we would expect headline around 3.5%; in both cases, it would be an upside revision in our forecasts. The market was pricing in around 3.7% at the Dec-25 horizon at European COB yesterday. 

The impact on Eurozone inflation would be more muted, as Europe would only put tariffs on US imports (assuming full retaliation). This would be offset by weaker energy prices, slightly weaker GDP growth and possibly a redirection of international trade (namely from Asia) to Europe. In the end, it will mostly be about the balance between energy prices and retaliation. 

Strategy-wise, US front-end inflation swaps are about the credibility of the tariffs, while the longer end is about risk sentiment. Our Selling 5YF5Y HICPx vs US CPI trade suffered yesterday, from the US leg.

For European inflation swaps, the very front end is balanced between the risk of retaliation and energy prices (falling). The longer-end rather remains a sell in our view, considering the likely coming newsflow: international tensions, retaliations and weak growth numbers. Our Selling 5YF5Y FRCPIx trade grabbed a few more bp yesterday. 

Today, the payroll data will be under scrutiny. Our house call is for NFP to rise by +135k, down modestly from +151k in January, but still a solid level given that trend job growth has likely dipped back to +100k or a bit below with immigration inflows slowing sharply.

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David Forrester

David Forrester

Senior FX Strategist at Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank.


Topics

tariff impact inflation

US CPI forecast 2025

reciprocal tariffs effect

US headline inflation outlook

Eurozone inflation swaps

energy prices inflation

5YF5Y inflation swap strategy

US vs Eurozone CPI

inflation trading strategy

inflation derivatives

market correction tariffs

US CPI vs HICPx

front-end inflation swaps

European inflation outlook

payroll data NFP forecast

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